Psychological Study of the Bystander Effect in Cyberbullying and Forms of Immoral Crowds in the Digital Era

Abstract

Over the years, cyberbullying has become a focus of technological developments, particularly digital media. This phenomenon has led to significant negative impacts. Cyberbullying is not just a simple case involving a few individuals, but has become widespread with the spread of social media. This affects not only perpetrators and victims, but also those who choose to remain silent despite knowing about it, or become bystanders, who then engage in negative encouragement by liking or commenting, thus forming a personality that contradicts norms or forms of immoral crowds. The method used in this study is a bibliometric approach, analyzing various studies from 2015 to 2025. The results explain that the Bystander Effect in Cyberbullying and Forms of Immoral Crowds in the Digital Era are correlated with one another. The study explains that a person's silence will affect the relationship between the victim and the perpetrator of cyberbullying, resulting in long-term impacts. Victims can experience feelings of inferiority, fear, and even mental damage. Meanwhile, perpetrators can feel powerful, or even experience social pressure that can lead to mental damage. Observers or bystanders can experience mental sanctions that can lead to changes in immoral behavior. In conclusion, the three discussions have the same correlation and connection which will lead to badness and damage so that comprehensive steps are needed to remain wise in handling technological developments and responding to cases of cyberbullying like this.